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Hydroquinone / Tretinoin / Fluocinolone Cream – The most successful formulation for treatment of melasma and hyperpigmentation. Studies have shown complete clearance or improvement by 60-80 %. Prescription product only.

Hydroquinone / Tretinoin / Fluocinolone Cream is a hypoallergenic cream that is a combination of prescription drug products. Finding a single active ingredient that is effective in treating hyperpigmentation (e.g., brown spots, age spots) is a challenging task. The condition may be improved and patient compliance with treatment may be increased by combining multiple ingredients into a single preparation. This particular compound is a concentrated cream that is used to bleach and peel. The active ingredients in this preparation function in a synergistic manner to enhance cell turnover and reduce the presence of hyperpigmentation. The preparation is administered to the affected area on a daily to bi-daily basis and functions by inhibiting the production of melanin. The compound may also provide additional side benefits, such as the reduction of fine lines and wrinkles, the reduction of acne, and the reduction of the appearance of scars and inflammation.

Hydroquinone

Hydroquinone is a depigmenting agent that is reversible. Hydroquinone temporarily bleaches the area when applied topically to hyperpigmented skin conditions, including melasma, freckles, and lentigines. Hydroquinone functions by inhibiting the enzyme that is responsible for the production of melanin in melanocytes. The re-pigmentation of bleached areas is a consequence of exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light. Consequently, the use of sunscreen in conjunction with hydroquinone is necessary.

Tretinoin

Tretinoin, also known as all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), is a naturally occurring derivative of vitamin A (or retinol) that aids in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Tretinoin is administered as a topical treatment for mild to moderate acne (e.g., grades I-III), photodamaged skin, and keratinisation disorders, including ichthyosis and keratosis follicularis. Topical tretinoin is effective in the reduction of fine lines, hyperpigmentation, roughness, and laxity that are indicative of photodamaged skin. By increasing cell turnover, it eliminates discolouration's and blemishes from the skin.

Fluocinolone acetonide

Fluocinolone acetonide is a steroid hormone that possesses anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive properties. It prevents irritation of the formulation's ingredients and soothes the skin when applied topically. Topical corticosteroids have the ability to reverse vascular dilation and permeability, which are early anti-inflammatory effects. Corticosteroids also inhibit subsequent inflammatory processes, including collagen deposition, scar formation, and capillary production. In the clinical setting, these actions result in a reduction in the following: scaling, plaque formation, itching, redness, and swelling of the affected skin. Topical fluocinolone is employed in moderate to severe corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses and is regarded as high-potency. It is not suitable for chronic use and is exclusively available with a prescription.